Cashew nuts have a very rich nutrient content, the composition contains a lot of unsaturated fat which is very good for the body with more than 40% fat content, of which more than 80% is unsaturated fat. Also, cashews contain a large amount of Vitamin E (0.9mg/100g cashew nut), which has a very good effect on anti-aging and helps skin and hair stay strong.
Cold pressing cashew kernels yields about 40% of cashew kernel oil (Cashew Kernel oil) or also known as "Caribbean oil".
When determining the composition of fatty acids that includes Palmitic acid 8.2%, Palmitoleic acid 0.4%, Stearic acid 4.2%, Oleic acid 67.4 % and Linoleic acid 19.8% in cashew kernel oil, Kaufmann H. P. & Barve J. (1967) used a chromatographic method. Physical and chemical characteristics of cashew kernel oil:
- Form: Liquid
- Color: orange yellow
- Taste: characteristic smell
- Density at 20 degrees Celsius: 0.910 +(-) 0.010
- Refractive index at 20 degrees Celsius: 1.4660 - 1.4730
- Acid index: < 5
- Peroxide index: <5
- Iodine index: 96 – 106
Image - Cashew oil used in the beauty industry
From the point of view of vegetarian food and biological nutrition, cashew kernel oil is superior to other oils such as olive mulberry, corn oil, soybean oil, etc.
Table - Comparison of cashew kernel oil with some other oils
Types of oil |
Saturated fatty acids (%) |
Polyunsaturated fatty acids (%) |
|
Oleic acid (%) |
Linoleic & Linoleic acid (%) |
||
Cashew kernel oil |
20.78 |
59.6 |
19.62 |
Peanut oil |
22-24 |
39-48 |
30-37 |
Coconut oil |
87-93 |
5-8 |
2-5 |
Sunflower oil |
30 |
0 |
70 |
Wheat oil |
21 |
12 |
57 |
Corn oil |
33 |
0 |
67 |
Palm oil |
45-50 |
40-50 |
10-15 |
Rice bran oil |
15-21 |
41-48 |
29-40 |
Soybean oil |
10-34 |
16-30 |
48-60 |
Source: Finzi, Montefredine, 1963.
The dry oil after the first cold press has the following chemical components (Tkatchenko, 1949):
Humidity (%) |
13.17 |
Ash (%) |
3.72 |
Substances with nitrogen (%) |
23.54 |
Fats (%) |
10 |
Nitrogen-free extracts (%) |
43.63 |
Cellulose (%) |
5.94 |
The dry oil is high in nutritional value. Thus, it is ground into a powder for animal feed.
Reference:
Thanh D. Pham (2003). Cashew nuts - Production and Processing.